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South and North Korea will conduct a joint industrial survey in China or elsewhere in Asia next month to try to find an international model that can help develop their shared factory park, a senior official here said Thursday, according to Yonhap News. The joint trip, set for mid-December, may be a sign that the North intends to continue its conciliatory diplomacy toward South Korea despite a spate of recent decisions by Seoul that have angered Pyongyang. "We have yet to set up a very detailed schedule, so it`s difficult to go into specifics. But we are thinking of industrial parks in China and Vietnam," the top official at the Unification Ministry told reporters at a background briefing. The two Koreas will team up with about 10 people on each side for the survey, he added. North Korea recently agreed to hold the international survey, which was proposed by the South after payment disputes arose over the joint park in the North Korean border town of Kaesong, the official said. The North`s months-long detention of a South Korean worker there had also raised tension. North Korea shifted to a more conciliatory stance in August, releasing the detained South Korean worker and lifting restrictions it had imposed on joint projects to protest Seoul`s hard-line policy. But North Korean media recently resumed their vitriolic criticizing of the Seoul government, pointing to its prolonged suspension of a lucrative North Korean mountain tour and its participation in a U.N. resolution condemning the North`s human rights condition. The North called South Korean Unification Minister Hyun In-taek, who is in charge of inter-Korean relations, a "traitor" standing in the way of improving cross-border relations. The top official defended decisions by the Seoul government, saying its North Korea policy is flexible and that inter-Korean dialogue is quietly taking place out of public view. http://www.koreaherald.com/pop/NewsPrint.jsp?newsMLId=20091126000044
Asiens BЪrsen uneinheitlich @ n-tv 16.05.10 12:51 http://www.n-tv.de/wirtschaft/marktberichte/Asiens-Boersen-uneinheitlich-article799472.html?service=print Page 1 of 1 Hongkong und China fest Asiens BЪrsen uneinheitlich von Claudius Strehlau, EMFIS Die asiatischen BЪrsen bieten zum Wochenauftakt ein gemischtes Bild. So geht es in Hongkong und China aufwКrts, in Japan und Korea hingegen nach unten. Der Hang Seng Index profitiert von der guten Entwicklung in China. In Japan bringen die guten Zahlen des Einzelhandels die entsprechenden Werte nach oben. In Korea gehЪren militКrisch orientierte Aktien zu den Gewinnern. An der japanischen BЪrse ging es erstmals seit vier Handelstagen nach unten. Dabei wirkte sich negativ aus, dass die Investoren das Recht verloren haben, Dividenden für das am Mittwoch endende GeschКftsjahr zu erhalten. Der Nikkei 225 Index verlor 0,1 Prozent auf 10.986,47 Punkte. Der breitere TOPIX Index gab minimal auf 966,13 Punkte ab. Die Aktien der Takeda Pharmaceutical gehЪrten ebenso zu den Verlierern, wie die Tokyo Gas und die Eisai Co. Diese gehЪren zu den knapp 2.500 Titeln, deren Investoren ihren Dividendenanspruch für das GeschКftsjahr 2009/2010 verlieren. Takeda Pharmaceutical verloren 0,7 Prozent, Tokyo Gas verloren 1,7 Prozent und bei der Eisai ging es um 1,2 Prozent nach unten. Auch bei den Versorgern Chubu Electric Power und der Osaka Gas ging es um 1,0 bzw. 0,8 Prozent nach unten. Ein Analyst sagte, dass sich die Investoren von defensiven Titeln trennen, da die Weltwirtschaft weitere Zeichen der Erholung zeigten. Zu den Gewinnern gehЪrten die Aktien der Seven & I Holdings, die 2,9 Prozent hinzugewannen. Der Einzelhandelsumsatz ist in Japan um 4,2 Prozent gegenüber dem Vorjahresmonat gestiegen. Dies war der grЪІte Anstieg seit 1997. Der Hongkonger Hang Seng Index konnte den heutigen Handelstag mit ZuwКchsen beenden. Gestützt wurde der Markt von den Erwartungen zum Start von Index-Futures in China am 16. April, womit die Nachfrage nach Blue-Chips weiter steigen kЪnnte. Trotz der heutigen Gewinne gehen die Marktteilnehmer davon aus, dass der Index in den nКchsten Tagen in einer engen Range von 20.100 bis 21.500 Punkten bleiben werde, da die Investoren ihr Engagement vor den Osterferien zurückfahren. Ab Freitag wird die BЪrse Hongkong für fünf Handelstage geschlossen bleiben. Der Hang Seng Index legte 0,9 Prozent auf 21.237,43 Punkte zu. Der Hang Seng China Enterprises Index konnte um 1,4 Prozent auf 12.215,48 Punkte zulegen. Der Hang Seng Index wurde auch getrieben von der Rally in Shanghai, wo es um 2,1 Prozent nach oben ging. Zu den Gewinnern gehЪrten die Aktien der Li & Fung, die um 3,6 Prozent kletterten. Hier schlugen die SchnКppchenjКger zu, nachdem die Aktie in den vorhergegangenen beiden Handelstagen 11,0 Prozent verloren hatten. Bei den chinesischen Banken ging es ebenfalls aufwКrts. Bank of Communications kletterten um 1,2 Prozent nach oben, ICBC stiegen um 0,9 Prozent und bei der Bank of China ging es um 2,0 Prozent aufwКrts. China Construction Bank gewannen 1,0 Prozent hinzu. Die Ergebnisse für 2009 lagen im Rahmen der Erwartungen. An der koreanischen BЪrse ging es leicht nach unten. Der Untergang eines Schiffes der südkoreanischen Marine belastete die Stimmung. Gebremst wurden die Verluste am Markt von den weiterhin hohen ZukКufen der auslКndischen Investoren und einem Anstieg bei Auto- und Technologiewerten. Der KOSPI Index schloss mit einem Minus von 0,3 Prozent bei 1.691,99 Punkten. Im Plus lagen die Aktien von Herstellern für MilitaБNrausrüstung. So stiegen Victek um 5,0 Prozent, Huneed Technology legten 7,3 Prozent zu. Auf der anderen Seite verloren Aktien der Werte, die im Kaesong Industriepark in Nordkorea arbeiten. Der Uhrenhersteller Romanson gab 3,1 Prozent ab. Für die Kwangmyung Electric Engineering ging es um 5,5 Prozent abwКrts. Der schwКchere Won half den Exportwerten nach oben. Kia Motors verteuerten sich um 2,4 Prozent, Hyundai Motor konnten 0,4 Prozent zulegen. Für Papiere der LG Display legten um 1,0 Prozent zu, Hynix Semiconductor verteuerten sich um 3,0 Prozent. Der chinesische CSI 300 Index ging mit einem satten Plus von 2,55 Prozent auf 3.358,54 Punkten aus dem Handel, der Shanghai A-Share Index stieg um 2,1 Prozent auf 3.275,55 Punkte und der Shenzhen A-Share Index konnte um 1,25 Prozent auf 1.260,75 Punkte zulegen. In Taiwan ging es für den TAIEX Index um 0,9 Prozent auf 7.947,45 Punkte nach oben. Der thailКndische SET Index verlor 1,0 Prozent auf 771,4 Punkte, der indonesische JCI verlor 0,65 Prozent auf 2.794,77 Punkte. In Singapur kletterte der Straits Times Index um 0,8 Prozent auf 2.929,14 Punkte und der indische SENSEX legte 0,4 Prozent auf 17.711,35 ZКhler zu. Adresse: http://www.n-tv.de/wirtschaft/marktberichte/Asiens-Boersen-uneinheitlich-article799472.html
It’s past midnight and visions of chips, ice cream and soda dance in your head. You shuffle to the kitchen for a late-night snack but discover that therefrigerator is empty and the cabinets are bare. So how exactly do you ease your grumbling tummy? If you’re like many Seoulites, you head to one of the ubiquitous 24-hourconvenience stores found on virtually every street in the city. In many cases, such trips involve a stop at Bokwang FamilyMart, which ranks as the nation’s leading convenience store group and sells an array of simple consumer staples ranging from bread, milk and ramyeon (noodles) to pens and stationery. The retail group was founded in 1989 when the convenience store industrywas relatively new in the country - unlike today’s super-competitive environment, where numerous heavyweights are battling it out for market share. Bokwang FamilyMart, which was the Bokwang family’s leading retail company before it was spun off, has managed to grow into a force sincethen. It now controls 35.8 percent of the market, followed by GS25, 7-Eleven - which recently acquired Buy the Way - and Ministop. Last year, it generated 2.5 trillion won ($2.2 billion) in sales, a 16.5 percent increase compared with the previous year. It now has 4,700 branches across Korea, including ones at the Kaesong Industrial Complex and Mount Kumgang in North Korea. Fueled by sales growth, the company has been expanding its business portfolio beyond the retail sector and now holds around 12 different businesses. In January, it acquired GateBank, a company focusing on banking automation equipment, and renamed it Family Bank. This summer, FamilyMart has plans to officially announce its future vision as a group based on distribution and fresh food. Though the independent corporate body of Bokwang FamilyMart was established in the 1990s, its roots date back to the late 1980s, when Hong Jin-ki (1917-1986) - the co-founder and former chief executive and chairman of the JoongAng Ilbo - founded the Bokwang Company. While Korea was undergoing rapid industrialization and evolving into a world power, Hong Jin-ki started his own manufacturing business focused on producing components for Braun television tubes before expanding into the retail sector by operating vending machines. He then further diversified the business into the production of artificial diamond gemstones in 1989 - the same year the company started its convenience store business as part of its retail unit. As part of those efforts, the first branch of Bokwang FamilyMart opened in Garak-dong in southern Seoul in 1990. Over the years, Bokwang further expanded into other sectors. As part of itsdistribution business, it operated Bokwang FamilyMart and Phoenix Vending Service, the nation’s largest vending service firm, and as part of its finance business, it managed Bokwang Investment Corporation.Its business stretched further to leisure sector, as it established the Bokwang Phoenix Park, which is a condominium and golf resort in Pyeongchang, Gangwon. As part of its cultural business, the Bokwang group as a whole operated the Korea Culture Promotion, which prints out gift certificates that can be used to watch films or musicals, among other events. As the company grew into a group, it spun off into three separate entities led by the sons of the founder. Hong Seok-joh, the second-eldest son of the founder and the younger brother of JoongAng Ilbo chairman Hong Seokhyun, is currently heading Bokwang FamilyMart.Hong Seok-joon, the third son of the founder, is the chair of BokwangInvestment Corporation, while Hong Seok-kyu - the fourth son - is in charge of Bokwang Corporation, which manages Bokwang Phoenix Park and Phoenix Communications, an advertisement consulting firm. Bokwang FamilyMart separated into a group in 1994 and has since been focusing on enhancing its competitiveness by differentiating its product sales and services and opening more branches. Its aim is to operate a total of 5,000 branches and reach 3 trillion won in sales by the end of the year. In the long term, it aims to open 500 new branches annually and hit 8,000 locations by 2015. The competition, however, is expected to be fierce as other chains in the industry such as GS25, 7-Eleven and Ministop aim to expand their market share by opening new branches. Last year, total sales volume in the industry reached 7.2 trillion won, which was an 11 percent increase from 2008. In 2010, total sales are predicted to exceed 8.2 trillion won. “Local convenience stores including FamilyMart are expected to compete for sales based on differentiation as the industry itself is currently saturated,” said Yum Min-seon, senior researcher at the Korea Chamber of Commerce and Industry’s retail commission. To ensure growth amid the competition, Bokwang FamilyMart has been implementing new services and marketing techniques and differentiating itsproduct lines to include ice coffee, wine and bakery items among other goods, based on consumers need and trends. It’s also been setting up portable convenience stores in locations where goods are hard to find, such as parks and expressway rest areas. Behind the drive to diversify is Bokwang FamilyMart Chairman and CEO Hong Seok-joh. After studying law at Seoul National University, he passed the judicial examination in 1976. Before being named Bokwang FamilyMart chairman in 2007, he served as head of the Gwangju Supreme Prosecutors’ Office. Baek Jeong-gy, president of Bokwang FamilyMart, is the company’s economy expert. Baek worked for Amorepacific Corporation’s business management and human resources department before joining Bokwang FamilyMart in 2008. Baek is currently the chair of the Korea Association of Convenience Stores.Park Jae-koo, executive managing director of the development division, is also among those helping the chairman in diversifying the retail group’s businesses based on new growth engines. http://joongangdaily.joins.com/article/print.asp Page 1 of 5
South Korean companies with real estate in Mount Kumgang, North Korea, applied for permits to visit the North at the Ministry of Unification in response to its threat to confiscate properties at the scenic resort, Hyundai Asan Corporation said in a release yesterday. Among the 33 organizations that applied for a visit are Hyundai Asan, Korea Tourism Organization and Emerson Pacific Group. A total of 52 people from the organizations will travel to the North today and tomorrow. North Korea’s Asia-Pacific Peace Committee said in a March 18 statement that it would examine all real estate at the Mount Kumgang resort held by South Koreans and called a meeting of the owners tomorrow. It also warned that it would confiscate any property whose representatives did not visit the resort by 11 a.m. tomorrow. “The assets of those who do not come by the specified date will be seized and they won’t be able to come back to Mount Kumgang,” the committee said. The committee also said on March 4 that it would abolish all tourismrelated contracts with the South unless South Korea sent tourists to Mount Kumgang and Kaesong, the ancient capital of Goryeo Dynasty (918-1392). South Koreans hold 359.3 billion won ($316 million) worth of property in Mount Kumgang. Hyundai Asan owns hotels and restaurants; Korea Tourism Organization holds hot springs and performance halls; and Emerson Pacific has golf courses, among others. “We don’t know what North Korea would do,” said a KTO spokesperson. “We will go and see what happens.” http://joongangdaily.joins.com/article/print.asp Page 1 of 1
South Korea is to phase out its main import from North Korea, delivering a heavy blow to an impoverished regime already reeling economically from confiscated arms shipments and bungled currency reforms. Sand was the biggest export to South Korea from the north in 2008, earning Pyongyang $73m (£47m). That represents about twice as much as it gains annually from wages at factories in Kaesong, a cross-border industrial zone for South Korean companies. South Korean officials told the Financial Times that Seoul would phase out sand exports when existing contracts with its northern neighbour expired. "Once those companies receive their sand, for which they have already paid, that will be the end," a senior South Korean security official said. It could have a profound political impact - but South Korean officials insist the decision was taken because Seoul increasingly dredges its own sand domestically. Officials admit that South Korea has long worried that money paid for sand goes to the military, but they say increased dredging and the imminent conclusion of numerous outstanding contracts have given it the opportunity to end the trade. Arms exports and counterfeit cigarettes are reckoned to be worth hundreds of millions of dollars to the Communist dictatorship of the north, led by Kim Jong-il (pictured). Economic instability and lack of funds in North Korea poses risks for Seoul, which is keenly aware of the dangers of economic implosion in the north. To lose the sand trade would compound economic woes for Pyongyang. Already reeling from arms seizures, it is also suffering the fallout from a bungled currency revaluation that has led to food shortages and inflation. North Korea is trying to compensate for South Korea's decision by seeking alternative sand markets in Russian construction projects. Russia's Itar-Tass news agency reported late last year that North Korea would shipsand to Vladivostock for use in building projects for the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation summit in 2012. Sand shipments to South Korea started in 2002 amid inter-Korean rapprochement - butwere suspended last March while North Korea prepared to fire a long-range missile over Japan. Pressed by construction companies that have been affected by the import ban, Seoulresumed imports from North Korea in November. The current flow, however, is less thanone-fifth of previous levels. In an effort to salvage the trade with South Korea, Pyongyang has offered to provide sand to South Korean companies in exchange for other building materials and fuel. But the South Korean unification ministry said domestic companies were not interested
http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0db3a864-32f6-11df-bf5f-00144feabdc0,dwp_uuid=ebe33f66-57aa-11dc-8c65-0000779fd2ac,print=yes.html Page 1 of 2
The Lee Myung-bak administration and the Unification Ministry have a long way to go before they make good grades for relations with the North. That, at least, was the verdict yesterday of an independent panel of experts set up to evaluate the performance of the Unification Ministry. The evaluators said the South Korean government’s efforts to engage North Korea in social and cultural exchange programs and agricultural cooperation were “inadequate” last year, and urged the ministry to keep its ears open to different opinions. In a report submitted to the National Assembly, the panel graded the ministry on 36 tasks using a five-level rating scale, ranging from “good” to “inadequate.” Twenty independent civilian experts formed the evaluation committee to assess the level of accomplishments on each task.The committee also looked at whether policy plans had been properly drawn up and whether they were effectively carried out. The committee noted that under the Lee administration, the South government hasn’t approved a single project involving inter-Korean social and cultural exchanges. In agricultural cooperation, the committee noted that the government failed to follow up on its pledge from early 2009 that it would pursue a joint farming project. Under the conservative Lee government, inter-Korean relations have soured. Lee suspended unconditional rice and fertilizer aid to the North, linking aid to Pyongyang’s efforts to denuclearize. Several events have also dealt blows to inter-Korean ties. In July 2008, a South Korean tourist at the Mount Kumgang resort north of the border was shot dead by a North Korean soldier. Kumgang tours have remained suspended ever since. The North conducted its second nuclear test in May last year and has since fired a slew of missiles toward South Korean waters. Tensions remain on the peninsula as South Korea and other allies try to bring the North back to the stalled six-party talks. Yesterday’s report acknowledged that deteriorated inter-Korean relations have had a direct impact on cross-border exchange projects, but still argued the Lee government should have exerted greater efforts. “The government was inadequate in its research and in gathering opinions [from different quarters],” the report read. “There are also opinions that the government has been reluctant to engage in inter-Korean exchange projects. “In building policies in the future, the government needs to reflect a wide range of opinions from civic groups and experts,” the report added. “It also needs to strengthen the basis for increased inter-Korean exchange and cooperation by restructuring related systems.” The report, however, gave higher marks to the government on other categories. Five categories - including improving support for families of South Koreans abducted to the North, upgrading business environment at the joint Kaesong Industrial Complex, and setting up a support system for North Korean defectors in the South - received the highest grade. http://joongangdaily.joins.com/article/print.asp Page 1 of 2
asahi.com（朝日新聞社）：北朝鮮、外資を望 羅先特てこ入れ - をむ - ビジネス 02.07.10 20:39
http://www.asahi.com/business/topics/economy/TKY201003130396.html Page 1 of 2
現在位置： asahi.com ニュスビジネス コラムをむ記事
2010年3月14日1時55分
北朝鮮、外資を望 羅先特てこ入れ
【ソウル＝田英】の化がえられる北朝鮮が、外からの投資誘致に力を入れ始めた。と
くに韓の門家などの注目を集めているのが、２０年近く前に特に定めたものの、誘致が進ま
なかった「羅先（ラソン）地域」だ。中ロ境に近いこの地域を北朝鮮は、外資本の導入と貿易
大の点として育てたいと考えている模だ。
■苦しい、打開へ焦り
「羅先地域を外貿易の点にしようとする動きをみると、北韓（北朝鮮）は海外からの投資誘致に
相な努力をしているようだ」
韓統一省係者は２月末、海外メディア向けの明でこんな見解を語った。
朝鮮中央通信が、「金正日（キムジョンイル）書記が羅先を現地指導した」と報じたのが昨年
１２月。１９９１年に「自由貿易地」に定めて以、金書記の訪問が報じられたのは初めて
だ。「重要な外貿易基地の一つ。貿易を急速に展させるため、市場を絶えずげていくべきだ」な
どと現場に指示したという。
施政方針にあたる北朝鮮の主要３紙の新年共同社は今年、「外貿易の積極展開」を調。今年に
入り北朝鮮側からは「羅先市が平市とぶ中央政府直轄の特別市に」「韓の食品加工社の南北合
弁方式での羅先進出を初承認」など、相次ぎ「羅先」の動きがえられた。韓メディアも「北朝鮮が
羅先の港の一部埠頭（ふとう）の使用を中にきロシアに認める」などと動向を報じている。
韓の究機の資料などによると、北朝鮮の北東部にあって日本海に面する羅先の特の面積
は、約７５０平方キロメトル。段階的に物流、輸出加工、金融などの産業を振興させようとした。し
かし、道路や電力といったインフラ整備は進まず、核問題などによる際的な孤立もあって、企業の進
出はあまり進んでこなかった。
その開に今、再び力を入れるのは、好の兆しがないの苦境が背景にあるとみられている。
北朝鮮は工業生産が不振なうえ、慢性的な食糧不足にっている。昨年１１月に施したデノミネ
ション（通貨位の更）も、交換額が制限されるなどして民間部門が弱り、生活必需品などの供給が
進まずに、むしろインフレを呼ぶなど混。市民生活はしさをしているとされる。
韓のシンクタンク、企業銀行究所の究委員は「平から遠い羅先なら、ある程度開放して
asahi.com（朝日新聞社）：北朝鮮、外資を望 羅先特てこ入れ - をむ - ビジネス 02.07.10 20:39
http://www.asahi.com/business/topics/economy/TKY201003130396.html Page 2 of 2
も制を脅かす心配が少なく、外資を呼びめれば全への波及果が見めると判したよう
だ」と指摘する。
工業と農業の重視を示す北朝鮮だが、立て直しには外貨が必要だ。「『盛大の大門を開
く』とする２０１２年が迫るなか、あらゆる手段を模索する焦りがのぞく」（韓の北朝鮮究者）と
の指摘もある。
■「核あっては難しい」
連による制裁もあり、思惑通りに投資が呼びめるかは未知だ。韓外政策究院の
洪翼杓門究員は「米係の改善や核問題の解決なしには難しい。ただ羅先開は、東北３省の
振興と大型港の確保をめざす中と利害が一致する。インフラ支援や中企業の投資は見めるので
はないか」と指摘する。
また、北朝鮮が認めた羅先での南北合弁企業の設立も、韓企業の北朝鮮進出は連法で韓政府の
許可が必要。核問題解決を最優先にする李明博（イミョンバク）政は重に討する方針だ。
◇
〈北朝鮮の過去の「開放」政策〉 北朝鮮が羅津先鋒（現在の羅先）地域を特に定めたのは１９９１
年１２月。韓統一究院の資料などによると、０２年以降には中境に近い北西部の新義州や、韓
に近い南西部の開城、南東部の金剛山も特に指定された。一連の動きは中の開放政策を考にし
たともいわれる。
だが南北係の化で、貴重な外貨獲得源だった開城と金剛山での光事業は０８年以降、中して
いる。
asahi.comに載の記事の無載を禁じます。すべての容は日本の著作法びに際約により保護されています。
をむ記事一
をむ
ギリシャ財務相、債行「２０１１年に再開」示す(7/2)
危機のたび買われる円 安全志向、日本債に資金シフト(7/1)
ためむ企業、株主不 益でもえない配 (6/30)
ゆうパック、多難な再起 店倍で字化急ぐ(6/29)
人民元問題、米中立ひとまず回避 なお、火種くすぶる(6/27)
Seoul Central District Prosecutors’ Office yesterday indicted a South Korean businessman without physical detention on charges of violating the National Security Law and laws guiding inter-Korean exchanges after helping people, including politicians, to illegally enter North Korea last fall. The indicted man, identified only as Ahn, is a 49-year-old executive of a landscaping subcontractor for a South Korean company at the Kaesong Industrial Complex. Last October, Ahn allegedly provided false identifications for 59 people, including four members of the Paju city legislative council in Gyeonggi Province. They were disguised as employees of Ahn’s company when they traveled to Kaesong from Oct. 16 to 17. Of the 59, 50 who only traveled once, including the four Paju council members, were released. Nine others were indicted for crossing the border at least twice. Prosecutors said the travelers didn’t intend to fake their IDs but Ahn, who handled their registration process, did the doctoring work just before they crossed the border. Prosecutors also said Ahn, who was trying to win a contract within Kaesong, wanted to show off his clout to North Korean officials by arranging visits for Paju council members. For South Koreans, traveling to North Korea requires a formal authorization from the government. Providing false personal information for that purpose is illegal. The 59 are also suspected of paying respects to the statue of the North Korean founder Kim Il Sung, but they all denied the charge, prosecutors said. The Unification Ministry has introduced a tighter pre-registration process for would-be South Korean travelers to Kaesong. Under the new system, employees of South Korean companies operating in Kaesong must submit proof of employment. Kaesong officials may register on the complex’s management committee Web site at http://oks.kidmac.com and attach proof of employment. Those visiting for social or cultural exchanges or for humanitarian causes may apply separately at the Unification Ministry. http://joongangdaily.joins.com/article/view.asp?aid=2917760
North Korea strongly denounced the joint South Korea-U.S. military exercises yesterday, a day after a spokesman for the North’s representative negotiators at the truce village of Panmunjom issued a verbal warning,calling the drill a preparation for war. The Korean People’s Army said in a statement released via the North’s state-run Korean Central News Agency that it ordered all its army, naval and air force personnel to be placed on combat readiness to repel enemies if they intrude into the country. The Key Resolve and Foal Eagle exercises got underway yesterday and will go on until March 18. The statement said all North Korean military forces will defend the front line faithfully so that they can defeat adversaries who attempt to strike preemptively. The order from the People’s Army is the most justifiable selfdefense measure to take, said the statement. The North issued the same kind of directions to its military to engage in combat-ready posture last year in March when Key Resolve began. The North also ordered all its troops and people to be on full alert during Ulchi Focus Lens last August. “We have not spotted any unusual military movement from the communist country and view its verbal warning as something merely conventional,” said Won Tae-jae, spokesman for the Defense Ministry in Seoul. The Combined Forces Command had informed Pyongyang of the exercise dates and the defensive nature of the exercise last month. Despite the alert, Pyongyang did not impose restrictions on the inter-Korean border traffic or cut off military communications with Seoul, South Korea’s Unification Ministry said. Last year, the North cut off communications and restricted the passage to a joint industrial park in the city of Kaesong on the day the joint drills began. In February and on Sunday, Pyongyang threatened to take military action if Seoul and Washington went ahead with their drills and said it would further strengthen its nuclear deterrence. The North declared on Sunday that it will suspend denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula and cut off military communications with both the South and U.S. Key Resolve is designed to improve the efficiency of U.S. reinforcements that would defend South Korea in emergencies.
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asahi.com（朝日新聞社）：北朝鮮軍、動員態勢を令 米韓演習始まる - 際02.07.10 20:39 http://www.asahi.com/international/update/0308/TKY201003080315.html Page 1 of 2 現在位置： asahi.com ニュス際アジア記事 2010年3月8日19時59分 連トピックス金正日 北朝鮮軍、動員態勢を令 米韓演習始まる 【ソウル＝牧野愛博】北朝鮮軍最高司令部は８日、米韓合同軍事演習が同日から始まったことに反 し、陸海空軍の各部隊に「万全の動員態勢」をとるよう命令した。朝鮮中央通信が同日、えた。 ただ、昨年と異なり、具的な挑行動は起きていない。米韓軍は予定通り演習をける方針だ。 北朝鮮軍最高司令部は「現在、が起きかねない緊迫した情勢が作り出されている」として命令は 「正な自衛措置だ」と主張した。 在韓米軍係者は８日、「北朝鮮の表とは係なく、演習は行する」と述べた。韓防省報道 官も同日、北朝鮮が前日に表した「非核化措置を中する」などとする明について「よくある非難 だと受け止めている」と語った。 北朝鮮は昨年も米韓軍事演習に反し、南北間の軍事通信を遮。開城工業地と金剛山光地へ の韓からの陸路通行が混した。 こんな記事も 〈コラムルポ〉週刊アジアアジアネットワク人民日報ニュスアジア記事一 特集：北朝鮮連 北朝鮮「非核化措置を中」 米韓合同軍事演習に反 (3/7) 際 日本から２００人、喪服姿で泣 パクヨンハさん出棺(19:22) 米のイラン自制裁法成立 石油産業への打狙う(12:34) 電車で着メロ、ヒトラの叫び ドイツ人の男拘束(11:37) 慰謝料６５２億円 ウッズの離婚「ほぼ合意」英紙報道(11:22) ナオミキャンベルさん人召喚 シエラレオネ際法廷(10:29) パキスタンで連自爆テロ、４１人死亡 聖堂狙う(10:21) わり者者、やっぱり賞金拒否 ポアンカレ予想解決(10:13) asahi.com（朝日新聞社）：北朝鮮軍、動員態勢を令 米韓演習始まる - 際02.07.10 20:39 http://www.asahi.com/international/update/0308/TKY201003080315.html Page 2 of 2 asahi.comに載の記事の無載を禁じます。すべての容は日本の著作法びに際約により保護されています。 際記事一 準備重ねたが…暗殺指令の北朝鮮工作員、身元割れ刑(08:01) 愛知の先輩、上海で踊る モリゾとキッコロを寄贈(05:34) ゴア元米副大統領がわいせつ行疑惑 地元警察が再査(02:21)
A high-ranking government official in Seoul said yesterday three of the four South Koreans in North Korean detention have been identified. “The government has confirmed that three South Koreans entered North Korea in January [without authorization] and we have identified them through tips from various channels,” the official said. “One of them, a man in his 30s or 40s, entered the North alone across China’s Tumen region. “We’re still trying to find out more about the situation and we can’t reveal their identities,” the official added. Other sources have said one man flew to Yanji Airport from Seoul on Jan. 8 and took a taxi, driven by a Korean resident there, to Tumen, near the China-North Korea border. The man then walked across the frozen Tumen River that flows between the countries and was soon whisked away by about a dozen North Korean guards. Last Friday, the North announced that it had “recently” detained four South Koreans and that they were under questioning. On Tuesday, South Korean officials asked their North Korean counterparts about these four during their meeting on the Kaesong Industrial Complex. The North officials responded that their investigation is ongoing and they would inform the South once it is complete. http://joongangdaily.joins.com/article/print.asp Page 1 of 1
Once anxious to hold talks with South Korea, North Korea suddenly doesn’t appear - on the surface, at least - to be bent on improving inter-Korean relations. Despite the “businesslike” atmosphere at the table, the two Koreas on Tuesday failed to reach any agreement on pending issues surrounding the Kaesong Industrial Complex north of the border. North Korea also refused to provide further information on the four South Koreans it said last week it is holding. More than six hours of discussions on cross-border trips, customs clearance and communications for South Koreans in Kaesong yielded nothing, said the chief South Korean delegate, Lee Kang-woo of the Unification Ministry. “We had some differences on how to approach these problems,” Lee said, referring to easing the border restrictions on South Koreans and providing Internet and mobile communication access. He said the North asked his delegation to provide necessary equipment before the South’s requests could be considered. “We agreed to have further talks to narrow these differences,” Lee added. Though the Kaesong issues were on the agenda, South officials also wanted to find out more about the fate of the four South Koreans being held by the North. But the North delegation didn’t oblige. “The North representatives only said the North’s investigation would take some time before it’s finished,” Lee said. “They said they would let us know once it’s done, but didn’t elaborate on how.” This was the second inter-Korean meeting of the year on Kaesong, and the two held a separate round of talks on Mount Kumgang tourism in early February. None of the meetings produced any breakthroughs. The North had appeared anxious to hold these talks earlier this year. The two Koreas met on Feb. 1 to talk about the state of the Kaesong complex, but at the time the North refused to discuss communication issues, which it said must be discussed by military officials. Before the Feb. 1 meeting, North Korea had asked a military meeting be held on Jan. 26. South Korea countered that it be staged Feb. 23. The two sides finally settled on March 2. The detention of the four South Koreans could potentially serve as the leverage for North Korea at future inter-Korean talks. Last March, the North detained a South Korean worker named Yu Song-jin in Kaesong for allegedly criticizing the North’s political system. While holding him for nearly five months, the North made frequent requests for inter-Korean talks on Kaesong. Once at the table, the North pushed for a hefty wage increase for North Koreans who work there. North Korea is unlikely to release the four, at least until mid-March. South Korea and the United States will hold their annual joint military exercise called Key Resolve/Foal Eagle from March 8 to 18. Last week, the North made what has been an annual threat of military action in response to the joint exercise, which it considers a preparation for an invasion of the North. Earlier this week, the North said denuclearization “will not progress a single step further” if Seoul and Washington go ahead with the drill. http://joongangdaily.joins.com/article/print.asp Page 1 of 2
asahi.com（朝日新聞社）：北朝鮮、韓に話姿勢 デノミ失敗制裁で食糧不足 - 際02.07.10 20:40
http://www.asahi.com/international/update/0303/TKY201003030001.html Page 1 of 2 現在位置： asahi.com ニュス際アジア記事 2010年3月3日3時40分 連トピックス金正日 北朝鮮、韓に話姿勢 デノミ失敗制裁で食糧不 足（1/2ペジ） 【ソウル＝牧野愛博】韓と北朝鮮は２日、開城工業地の通信、通行、通の「３通問題」につい て地で務協議をした。韓政府は北朝鮮が話を求める背景に、デノミネション（通貨呼 位の更）失敗や連制裁などによる深刻な難があると判。安易な支援にはじない方針だ。 軍が「３通問題」を所管する北朝鮮は初、軍事務協議を求めたが、談場所は工業地を指定し た。軍事協議は板門店で開くのが慣例。韓政府係者は「工業地の話だけをしたいという意思表示 だ。それだけがしい」と語る。 韓政府は、昨年の北朝鮮の食糧生産量を約４１１万トンと推計し、今年の不足量を約１３０万トン とみている。同政府係者などによれば、北朝鮮が海外から確保した食糧は約３０万トンに過ぎず、そ の半分を中にっている。昨年、北朝鮮が韓に南北首談を持ちかけた際、「コメ５０万トン、 肥料４０万トン」を求める場面もあったという。 さらにデノミが失敗してが混。北朝鮮は２月から外貨の使用を部分的に認めたが、デノミ前と 比べてコメ格は２０〜３０倍に上昇、北朝鮮通貨のドルレトは１０分の１以下に下落している。 前ペジ1 2 次ペジ 際 日本から２００人、喪服姿で泣 パクヨンハさん出棺(19:22) 米のイラン自制裁法成立 石油産業への打狙う(12:34) 電車で着メロ、ヒトラの叫び ドイツ人の男拘束(11:37) 慰謝料６５２億円 ウッズの離婚「ほぼ合意」英紙報道(11:22) ナオミキャンベルさん人召喚 シエラレオネ際法廷(10:29) パキスタンで連自爆テロ、４１人死亡 聖堂狙う(10:21) わり者者、やっぱり賞金拒否 ポアンカレ予想解決(10:13) 準備重ねたが…暗殺指令の北朝鮮工作員、身元割れ刑(08:01) 愛知の先輩、上海で踊る モリゾとキッコロを寄贈(05:34) asahi.com（朝日新聞社）：北朝鮮、韓に話姿勢 デノミ失敗制裁で食糧不足 - 際02.07.10 20:40 http://www.asahi.com/international/update/0303/TKY201003030001.html Page 2 of 2 asahi.comに載の記事の無載を禁じます。すべての容は日本の著作法びに際約により保護されています。 際記事一 ゴア元米副大統領がわいせつ行疑惑 地元警察が再査(02:21)
In the blockbuster 2000 film JSA, two South Korean soldiers accidentally find themselves on the North Korean side of the Joint Security Area, at the border between thetwo countries. They meet their North Korean counterparts. But instead of fighting, the four soldiers become friends and arrange several midnight get-togethers. At the height of their secret fraternization, one of the South Korean soldiers brings over several Choco Pies, cookies with marshmallow covered in chocolate that are wildly popular in South Korea. The North Korean soldiers are delighted. "Why can't our Republic make Choco Pies like this?" one of the North Koreans says wistfully. "Come south," suggest the South Koreans. "Then you can eat Choco Pies until you burst." There is a stunned silence as the North Korean soldier spits the cookie into his hand. "I'm only going to tell you this only once," he says sternly. "My dream is that one day our Republic will make the best damned sweets on the peninsula." After this awkward moment, the soldier stuffs the cookie back in his mouth, and the foursome resumes their friendly banter. The two Koreas have faced off across the Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) for six decades. Although they are connected by ethnic and familial bonds, and although traffic between the two countries has increased over the last decade, North and South Korea remain worlds apart, and their cultures have developed along very different trajectories. The conflicts that keep the two Koreas culturally distinct have even filtered down to the realm of food. Consider the Choco Pie. Produced by a major South Korean conglomerate, the cookie represents the consumer wealth and the globalization of South Korean culture. It's made of wheat, not the rice of traditional Korean desserts, and is clearly modeled after the classic Moon Pie of the southern United States. In the scene from JSA, the North Korean soldier rejects the lure of South Korean wealth and the corrupting influences of the world beyond the Korean peninsula. He asserts that his country, through its own efforts, will one day win the Korean peninsula contest for best sweets. This stubborn pride of the North Koreans -- better a hungry wolf than a well-fed lapdog, the Northerners often say -- helps to explain the defiant military posturing of the leadership as well as the nationalist sympathies of the population. North Korea may well admire the prosperity of the West, but it will not sell its birthright for a mess of pottage (or Choco Pies). Which brings us to the other side of the equation: cold noodles. The food that best represents North Korea's pride in resisting the corrupting influences of the outside world is naengmyen, or cold noodles. Pyongyang-style cold noodles -- thin buckwheat noodles in a broth with a slice of beef, a hard-boiled egg, and piece of Korean pear -- are a delicacy throughout the two Koreas and outside the peninsula. But North Koreans boast that the best naengmyen can be found at the huge cold-noodle restaurant in Pyongyang called Ongnyugwan. When I visited North Korea in the late 1990s, my guide said proudly that South Korean tourists beg to eat at Ongnyugwan, where they routinely slurp down as many as three bowls. Cold noodles, unlike Choco Pies, are a traditional Korean dish. Naengmyen represents all that is "pure Korean," nationalist, and self-reliant in North Korean culture. But this division in food culture between North and South -- between the global and the local --isn't quite as stark as either the film JSA or North Korean propaganda might have us believe. For one thing, Korean food has been subject to globalization for many thousands of years, even the food eaten in the North. Rice and buckwheat came from China during the Bronze Age, barbecue meat (bulgogi) from the Mongols in the 13th century, the red pepper in kimchi (pickled vegetables) from the New World through Portugal and Japan in the 16th century. After World War II and the division of the peninsula, South Korea began to absorb distinctly American influences. Hungry Koreans during the Korean War, for instance, scavenged cans of Spam from American soldiers and put the meat into a dish dubbed "battalion stew." Today, after South Korea has gone from having the GDP of a sub- Saharan African country to being one of the top dozen economies in the world in the space of a single generation, this "battalion stew" has become a trendy dish among young people in Seoul. The influences go well beyond Spam. Subsidized wheat from America poured into the country, displacing rice. Even Japan, the hated colonizer of the peninsula, introduced flavors into Korea -- such as the Choco Pie, popularized by the Japanese firm Morinaga. When the North Korean soldier rejects the Choco Pie in JSA, he is also rejecting South Korea's post-war collaboration with Japan. North Korea, meanwhile, officially took its own path after the wars of the mid-20th century. It rejected integration into both the capitalist and communist economic systems. It eventually developed an ideology of self-reliance (even as it quietly accepted aid and subsidized imports from China and the Soviet Union). The trappings of communism gradually fell away, and North Korea emerged in the 1990s as an essentially nationalist state. Many South Koreans, particularly after the first inter-Korean summit in 2000, romanticized their northern neighbor as somehow "purer," untainted by globalization and capitalism: a more authentic Korea. But the collapse of the North Korean economy in the 1990s undermined the myth of North Korea as somehow a "purer" Korea. Foreign aid poured into the country. Private markets became an essential way for North Koreans to acquire food, and many foreign influences began to appear through this route. The first fast-food restaurants started up in Pyongyang, serving fried chicken and even hamburgers, albeit labeled "minced beef and bread. At the very top of the leadership, Kim Jong Il's tastes in foreign food are legendary-- he brought over a Japanese sushi chef to cook for him and an Italian pizza maker to teach his chefs how to make the Italian pies. So, the confrontation between the globalized South (Choco Pie) and the nationalist North (cold noodles) has become considerably blurred. Thanks to North Koreans, for instance, you can get authentic Pyongyang-style cold noodles today in South Korea. When North Korean defectors arrive in the South, where about 16,000 now live, they bring little in the way of marketable skills -- except for the cold noodle recipe of their mother or grandmother. North Koreans have opened cold-noodle restaurants all over South Korea. But in a sign of how much the two cultures have changed over the last 60 years, the owners of these cold noodle restaurants adjust their "authentic" recipe to meet the tastes of South Koreans. And Choco Pies? They, too, have crossed the border. At the Kaesong Industrial Complex, South Korean managers and North Korean workers produce watches and kitchenware in factories just north of the DMZ. The North Korean workers receive several Choco Pies as part of their wages. These symbols of the decadent South are popular not only with the workers and their families. A new retail market in Choco Pies has also emerged in the North. In other words, it's no longer Choco Pies versus cold noodles. As the two Koreas continue their slow-motion reunification -- despite occasional naval confrontations, exchanges of hostile rhetoric, and hiccups in economic relations -- a new future for the peninsula is emerging: Choco Pies and cold noodles.
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/john-feffer/choco-pies-vs-cold-noodle_b_482697.html?view=print Page 1 of 3
Inter-Korean working-level talks, rather than military-level discussions, will be held tomorrow at the Kaesong Industrial Complex in order to cover issues of travel, communication and customs clearance, North and South Korea agreed yesterday. “The two Koreas decided to open the talks at the office for economic cooperation and consultation inside the complex,” said a defense official who requested anonymity. “The South’s five-member delegation, including some military officers, will be led by Unification Ministry official Lee Kangwoo.” The defense official said that the inter-Korean discussions will not take the form of military talks because the leading representative is an official from the Unification Ministry. “We informed the North in the morning that each side should be able to choose its own delegation for discussions at the complex,” the defense official said. “The communist country answered without objection that it will attend the meeting to resolve pending issues.” On Jan. 22, Pyongyang had proposed opening military talks within the complex on Jan. 26, but Seoul wanted to wait until after working-level discussions on the complex took place on Feb. 1. On Feb. 12, Seoul had asked Pyongyang to open the military meeting at the House of Peace, south of the truce village of Panmunjom along the demilitarized zone. Ten days later the reclusive nation requested a new date - March 2 - by maintaining the venue be the Kaesong complex for military discussions.
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